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    Deep learning· 1989

    Backpropagation Applied to Handwritten Zip Code Recognition

    Yann LeCun (first author) · 1989

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    DOI 10.1162/neco.1989.1.4.541OpenAlex W2147800946

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    Why it matters

    Demonstrated successful backpropagation training of convolutional networks on real handwritten digits.

    Condensed from the expert lists' notes.

    The record

    First released
    1989 (from OpenAlex)
    Citations
    11,891 citations, as counted by OpenAlex (CC0)
    Named by
    both expert lists
    Score
    0.319 · computed rank 559 · consensus 0.48, must-read 0, citations percentile 0.5 (1980s · deep-learning), awards 0, existing lists 0. Method

    Data sources

    Catalogue data from OpenAlex (CC0), Crossref (CC0 metadata; no abstracts are shown), arXiv, and Papers With Code (CC BY-SA 4.0). Each count names its source. See the method.